Pinealon

Pinealon is a synthetic tripeptide with the sequence Glu-Asp-Arg (EDR), developed by Vladimir Khavinson and colleagues at the Saint Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology as part of a broader class of "short peptide bioregulators." Despite the name suggesting a pineal origin, EDR was isolated from bovine cortex peptide extracts rather than the pineal gland directly; its name reflects association with the broader Khavinson bioregulator family rather than strict anatomical sourcing. It is distinct from the more widely discussed Epitalon (AEDG), which is the Khavinson peptide most directly linked to the pineal gland and the most cited for longevity claims. The evidence base for Pinealon (EDR) is sparse and geographically concentrated. Nearly all published studies originate from Khavinson's own group, published predominantly in MDPI open-access journals (Molecules, Pharmaceuticals, International Journal of Molecular Sciences) within the last five years. These are primarily computational molecular docking studies, in vitro cell culture experiments, and rodent models — particularly Alzheimer's disease mouse models. There are no independent replications by other research groups, no human pharmacokinetic studies, no dose-finding trials, and no controlled human efficacy studies of any kind as of mid-2026. Pinealon is sold as a research compound and is discussed in longevity and peptide bioregulator communities alongside Epitalon, Epithalamin, and other Khavinson-class peptides. Claims frequently conflate evidence from the broader Khavinson class (some of which derives from pineal polypeptide extracts, not the synthetic EDR tripeptide) with Pinealon specifically. Any information here is for research and educational reference only, and the evidence ceiling should be clearly understood before interpreting any benefit claims.